Solar Capitalist LLC

Although each battery, solar cell, panel or module has a rated voltage and amperage, they can be wired together in such a manner as to obtain varying results.

Series Circuits / Series Wiring or Connection of Power Sources

A “series circuit” is one in which the circuit components are connected “end-to-end” providing a single path for the flow of current through all the components.

Series wiring (or connection) of power sources is accomplished by connecting the (+) “positive” of one power source to the (-) “negative” of the next.

Wiring power sources in series will result in increased voltage.  When power sources are wired in series, the voltages are additive.  Power sources wired in series will provide a total voltage equal to the sum of voltages of each individual power source.

Wiring power sources in series does not result in increased amperage.  A series circuit will have the same current throughout the circuit.

Parallel Circuits / Parallel Wiring or Connection of Power Sources

A “parallel circuit” is one in which two or more circuit components are connected like rungs of a ladder, providing separate paths for current through each of the components.

Parallel wiring (or connection) of power sources is accomplished by connecting the (+) “positive” leads of the power sources together…and then (-) “negative” leads with each other.

Wiring power sources in parallel will result in increased amperage.  When power sources are wired in parallel, the currents (amperages) are additive.  Power sources wired in parallel will provide a total current (amperage) equal to the sum of currents (amperages) of each individual power source.

Wiring power sources in parallel does not result in increased voltage.  A parallel circuit will have the same voltage throughout the circuit.

Followup Discussion

The characteristics of series vs. parallel circuits covered above need to be carefully kept in mind whenever approaching any wiring project.   It is critical that proposed circuits be thoroughly thought through and reviewed prior to connection to avoid damaging expensive equipment, or worse.  

Considering the primary focus of our discussions is 12 V DC ( 12 volt direct current )…or less… power for portable / handheld electronic devices, the applications are ones that will be actively monitored.  We do not recommend leaving active circuits…such as batteries being charged with solar (photovoltaic ) power…unattended.  Personal safety…and the safety of your home and its contents…need to be a very intentional consideration!

Recommend not only self study, but consultation with an experienced electrician where the limits of one’s own knowledge are being exceeded.  I would also welcome any questions or concerns for the purpose of further discussion, and/or the exploration of new topics.

Looking forward to interaction with viewers up for Capitalizing on the Sun’s Energy!  Whether it be discussion related to using portable solar in the field, adapting solar power to handheld electronics, or do-it-youself solar (photovoltaic) projects - I’m in!